Distributions diameters in beech forest stands

The assumed starting states of the forests in the TWC and Landcare models appear reasonable when compared with data from Wardle (1984):

However, as Wardle points out, the inverse J distributions shown above can only be recovered after many 400 square metre plots are lumped together. Different ages of stands show different structures:

The graph on the left shows structures of young, pole and old stands of silver beech, while on the right structures of mountain beech stands are shown.

 The implications are that the steady state assumption of the Landcare model is false, and that mortality estimates may be wrong.